A urethral diverticulum is a condition where a pocket or bulge forms along the urethra’s wall. This bulge can collect urine, leading to infections and discomfort. Symptoms may include pain during urination, a sensation of pressure or fullness below the pubic bone, recurrent urinary infections, difficulty urinating, and discomfort during sexual activity. Factors contributing to the development of a urethral diverticulum may include inflammation, physical injury, or previous surgeries.

To diagnose a urethral diverticulum, a detailed examination and review of the patient’s symptom history are essential. Diagnostic procedures may include urethrography, which uses a contrast dye to enhance urethra visibility on X-ray images, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide a detailed view of the urethra and identify any diverticula. Additionally, cystoscopy, involving the insertion of a thin camera through the urethra, offers a direct look inside for diagnosis.

The treatment for a urethral diverticulum varies based on its size, associated symptoms, and its impact on the patient’s life. For minor diverticula without symptoms, monitoring may be all that’s required. However, if the diverticulum leads to significant symptoms or increases the risk of urinary infections, surgical intervention might be advised.

The surgical procedure typically involves removing the diverticulum and repairing the urethra. This can often be done through a minimally invasive approach, where the diverticulum is carefully removed, and the urethral defect is repaired. In some cases, surrounding tissue may be used to reinforce the area and minimize the chance of the diverticulum returning.

Post-surgery, ongoing follow-up is crucial to address any complications or signs of the diverticulum reoccurring.

Although a rare occurrence in men, when diagnosed, treatment usually involves similar surgical techniques to remove the diverticulum and restore the urethra’s structure, adapted to anatomical differences.