Primary hypospadias is a congenital disorder in male children where the urethral opening (the site through which urine is expelled) is not located at the tip of the penis but on the underside. This condition can vary—the opening may be near the tip, in the middle, or at the base of the penis. In addition to problems with the position of the urethral opening, hypospadias can also affect the shape of the penis, often causing curvature.

The diagnosis of hypospadias is usually made immediately after birth, during routine examination. By examining, a pediatrician or pediatric urologist will notice the abnormal position of the urethral opening and possibly the presence of curvature. In some cases, additional tests may be needed to assess the shape of the urethra and surrounding tissue, especially if the curvature of the penis is pronounced or if there are other anatomical variations.

The treatment of hypospadias involves surgical correction. It is recommended that this be performed while the child is still very young, ideally between 6 months and 2 years of age. The goal of the surgery is to move the urethral opening to the anatomically correct position at the tip of the penis and to correct any curvature. The surgery may include the use of tissue from other parts of the body, if necessary, for urethral reconstruction. After the operation, monitoring is crucial to ensure proper recovery and functionality.