Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop in the ovaries. The majority of ovarian cysts are benign and frequently occur during the reproductive years of women. There are various types of cysts, with functional cysts being the most common. These are related to the menstrual cycle and often resolve without causing any symptoms. However, in some cases, cysts can grow large enough to lead to discomfort, pressure, or other noticeable symptoms.

If there’s a suspicion of a cyst, the initial step is usually a gynecological exam by your doctor. Ultrasound plays a crucial role in diagnosing ovarian cysts, helping to visualize the cysts and evaluate their size, shape, and composition. Additional tests, such as blood work, might be conducted to assess ovarian function and exclude the possibility of cancer. In cases where the diagnosis remains uncertain, a laparoscopy may be advised for a closer look.

Many cysts don’t need treatment and naturally disappear within a few menstrual cycles. However, treatment might be necessary if the cysts are symptomatic, become unusually large, or if there’s a concern they might be cancerous. Regular monitoring with ultrasound can be one approach, allowing for the observation of any changes in the cyst’s characteristics. Hormonal treatments, like birth control pills, may also be effective in preventing new cysts from forming. In more serious situations, where cysts cause significant discomfort or there’s a cancer risk, surgery might be required. The surgical method could range from minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy, to more extensive surgeries, depending on the individual’s condition.